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This study assesses the potential for job creation through infrastructure investment in the Middle East and North Africa. The region has experience in making the most of infrastructure investments, but maintaining and spreading the momentum in infrastructure will be important to support future growth and job creation. To do so, policymakers will have to recognize that there are large differences in initial conditions across the region in terms of starting stock, needs, fiscal commitments, private sector participation and job creation potential. Overall, the region's infrastructure needs through 2020 are quite large and estimated at about 106 billion dollars per year or 6.9 percent of the annual regional GDP. In designing country specific solutions, governments will have to tackle predictable challenges: the governance of job creation, the proper targeting and fiscal costs assessment of subsidies needed to create jobs, the design and fiscal costs of the (re)training programs needed and the expectations on the job creation effects of infrastructure
Monografía
monografia Rebiun22986022 https://catalogo.rebiun.org/rebiun/record/Rebiun22986022 m o d cr mn||||||||| 120604s2013 dcua ob i000 0 eng 2012022846 829460277 847657680 887265364 1055343467 1065717889 1081202821 1088991649 1101728704 9780821396667 electronic bk.) 0821396668 electronic bk.) 9780821396650 print) 082139665X 9780821396650 DLC eng pn DLC OCLCO EMU N$T IDEBK CUS OCLCF EBLCP MBB E7B DEBSZ OCLCQ LRU OCLCQ YDXCP OCLCQ ZCU OCLCQ MERUC OCLCQ ICG OCLCQ VT2 WYU COCUF MERER OCLCQ DKC OCLCQ UX1 OL$ pcc aw----- ff----- BUS 020000 bisacsh BUS 068000 bisacsh BUS 092000 bisacsh BUS 079000 bisacsh BUS 062000 bisacsh POL 024000 bisacsh Infrastructure and employment creation in the Middle East and North Africa Antonio Estache [and others] Washington D.C. World Bank ©2013 Washington D.C. Washington D.C. World Bank 1 online resource (xxvii, 84 pages) illustrations 1 online resource (xxvii, 84 pages) Text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Directions in development. Infrastructure Includes bibliographical references Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. The State of Employment and Infrastructure and Future Needs -- Chapter 3. Short-Run Employment Effects of Infrastructure Investment -- Chapter 4. Long-Term Employment Effects through the Growth Channel -- Chapter 5. Policy Implications Cover; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; About the Authors; Abbreviations; Overview; Figures; O.1 Infrastructure Needs and Financing; O.2 Cost of a Direct Job in Roads and Bridge Construction Relative to Other Sectors in 2009; Tables; O.1 Infrastructure-Related Short-Term Job Creation; O.3 Shares of Unemployed by Education Level in Selected MENA Economies; Chapter 1 Introduction; Background Information; 1.1 Public Gross Fixed Capital Formation; 1.2 Sectors' Contribution to Annual Employment Growth in the 2000s; Scope and Structure of the Study; 1.3 Fiscal Space Indicators Definitions and Key Concepts1.1 MENA Classification; References; Chapter 2 The State of Employment and Infrastructure and Future Needs; Employment Challenges; 2.1 Employment and the Size of the Labor Force in MENA; Infrastructure Endowments and Future Needs; 2.1 Labor Force Levels in MENA, 2009; 2.2 Infrastructure Endowments in the Developing World; 2.3 Infrastructure Endowments in MENA by Country Grouping; 2.4 Unit Costs of Infrastructure by Sector; 2.5 Roads Maintenance and Rehabilitation Program; 2.6 Annual Expenditure Needs for Infrastructure in the MENA Region 2.2 Composition of Infrastructure Expenditure Needs by Group of Countries2.7 Annual Infrastructure Investment and Maintenance Needs in MENA by Type of Investment as Percent of GDP; 2.8 Expenditure Needs for Water and Sanitation in Urban and Rural Areas; Potential of Infrastructure Investment in Boosting Employment; 2.9 Access Shortfall Compared to MDG Linear Path Achievement; 2.10 Employment Shares of Infrastructure and Construction Sectors; 2.11 Infrastructure Jobs by Sector in MENA; 2.3 Shares of Infrastructure and Construction Jobs in Total Employment in MENA Annex 2A: Econometric Models for Infrastructure NeedsAnnex 2B: Data Sources and Descriptions Used for Model of Investment Requirements; Annex 2C: Data Imputations; Notes; 2C.1 Imputation of Average Investment as Percent of GDP When Data Were Not Available; References; Chapter 3 Short-Run Employment Effects of Infrastructure Investment; Techniques for Estimating the Cost of a Job and the Employment Generated by Investment in Infrastructure; Hybrid Approaches to Estimating the Short-Term Employment Effects of Infrastructure Investment; Boxes 3.1 Pros and Cons of Input-Output Table Use for Generating Employment Estimates3.1 Regression of Semiskilled Hourly Construction Wage on GDP per Capita; Estimating the Cost of Creating Jobs in Oil Importing MENA Countries; 3.2 Construction Sector Hourly Wages in the Arab Republic of Egypt, January 2009; 3.3 Sector Coverage Provided by Various Input-Output Tables; 3.4 Cost of Creating a Job in Selected Infrastructure Sectors in the Arab Republic of Egypt, 2009; 3.5 Cost of Creating Infrastructure-Related Jobs by Country; 3.6 Estimated Costs of a Type II Job in Six MENA OICs, 2009 This study assesses the potential for job creation through infrastructure investment in the Middle East and North Africa. The region has experience in making the most of infrastructure investments, but maintaining and spreading the momentum in infrastructure will be important to support future growth and job creation. To do so, policymakers will have to recognize that there are large differences in initial conditions across the region in terms of starting stock, needs, fiscal commitments, private sector participation and job creation potential. Overall, the region's infrastructure needs through 2020 are quite large and estimated at about 106 billion dollars per year or 6.9 percent of the annual regional GDP. In designing country specific solutions, governments will have to tackle predictable challenges: the governance of job creation, the proper targeting and fiscal costs assessment of subsidies needed to create jobs, the design and fiscal costs of the (re)training programs needed and the expectations on the job creation effects of infrastructure Infrastructure (Economics)- Middle East Infrastructure (Economics)- Africa, North Job creation- Middle East Job creation- Africa, North Labor supply- Middle East Labor supply- Africa, North BUSINESS & ECONOMICS- Development- Business Development BUSINESS & ECONOMICS- Development- Economic Development BUSINESS & ECONOMICS- Development- General BUSINESS & ECONOMICS- Government & Business BUSINESS & ECONOMICS- Structural Adjustment POLITICAL SCIENCE- Public Policy- Economic Policy Infrastructure (Economics) Job creation Labor supply Africa, North Middle East Electronic books Estache, Antonio Print version Infrastructure and employment creation in the Middle East and North Africa. Washington, D.C. : World Bank, ©2013 9780821396650 (DLC) 2012020580 (OCoLC)794838403 Directions in development (Washington, D.C.). Infrastructure